Lulēti Noa Tolu
Luo ʻe tolungofulu mā hiva: 0, 00 mo e 000. Tuʻunga lelei ʻo e kasinomatematikaTuʻunga lelei ʻo e kasinoKo e konga ʻo e peti takitaha ʻoku tauhi ʻe he kasino ʻi he ʻavalisi: 2.70% ʻi he lulēti ʻIulope.Lau kotoa → 7.69%.
ʻOku tānaki ʻe he lulēti noa tolu ha luo hono tolu ʻo e kasino pea ʻikai liliu ʻa e ngaahi totongipaʻangaTotongiKo e meʻa ʻoku fakafoki ʻe ha peti ikuna, ʻoku fakahā ko e “X ki he 1” ʻi ʻolunga ʻi he peti ʻoku fakafoki.Lau kotoa →. ʻOku ikuna ʻa e peti fika ʻe tahapetiPeti fika ʻe tahaFika pē ʻe taha, totongi ʻo e 35:1.Lau kotoa → ʻi he 1/39 pea totongi ʻaki ʻa e 35:1: EV = −3/39 = −7.69%, meimei liunga tolu ʻo e tuʻunga lelei ʻIulope.
Ko e hā ʻa e lulēti noa tolu?
Ko e luomeʻangāueLuoKo e taha ʻo e ngaahi luo ʻe 37 ʻoku fakafika ʻi he konga vilo. ʻOku toe ui: slot, cup.Lau kotoa → ʻe tolu ʻa e kasino ʻi he tolungofulu mā hiva. ʻOku totongi ʻa e peti kotoa pē ʻo hangē ʻoku ʻi ai ʻa e luo ʻe 36, ko ia ʻoku nounou ʻa e peti kotoa pē ʻaki ʻa e 3/39: 7.69%. ʻI he peti $10 taki taha: ʻIulope −$0.27, ʻAmelika −$0.53, noaveʻetekaNoaKo e luo lanu mata pē ʻe taha ʻoku ʻikai kāpui ʻe ha peti totongi tatau, peti tasini pe peti kōlomu; ko e tupuʻanga ia ʻo e tuʻunga lelei ʻo e kasino. ʻOku toe ui: noa ʻe taha, 0.Lau kotoa → tolu −$0.77. Vaʻinga tatau, palani ʻo e tēpilemeʻangāuePalani ʻo e tēpileKo e palani peti kuo paaki ʻi he tēpile. ʻOku toe ui: tēpile, felt, cloth.Lau kotoa → tatau, totongi kehekehe ʻe tolu. ʻOku kei ʻi ai ʻa e peti fika ʻe nima ʻi he palani noa tolu ʻi he 6 ki he 1. ʻI ha veʻeteka ʻo e luo ʻe N ʻoku ne fakafoki ʻa e iunitipaʻangaIunitiKo e peti tefito ʻoku ngāueʻaki ʻe ha sisitemi pe ha tokotaha vaʻinga. ʻOku fakamatalaʻi ʻa e ngaahi fakalakalaka peti ʻaki ʻa e iuniti koeʻuhi ke ngāue ʻi ha tēpile pē.Lau kotoa → ʻe 35 ki he N taki taha kuo peti, ko ia ʻoku totongi ia ʻa e (N − 35)/N: 7.89% ʻi he luo ʻe 38 pea 10.26% ʻi he 39, ko e peti mamafa taha ia ʻi he tēpile. ʻI he ngaahi lao ʻa Interblock ki heʻene vaʻinga noa tolu fakaʻelekitulōnika, naʻe faile ʻi he siteiti Washington ʻi he 2024, ko e foki siʻi taha ʻoku hiki ko e 89.74%: ko e peti ni.
Feituʻu ʻoku maʻu ai
Naʻe kamata ʻi he Las Vegas Strip ʻi he 2016 pea ʻoku angamaheni he taimi ni ʻi he ngaahi tēpile peti siʻi ʻi ai, ʻi he taimi ʻe niʻihi mo ha lōkou ʻo e kasino pe ha luo lanu ʻi he fetongi ʻo e 000. Kuo mafola ia ki ha niʻihi ʻo e ngaahi kasino fakavahefonua ʻi ʻAmelika. ʻOku tātātaha ia ʻi tuʻa ʻi he ʻIunaite Seteti pea ʻikai ʻi he ngaahi sitiutio hangatonu ʻoku ngāue ki he ngaahi maketi ʻIulope, ʻa ia ʻe fakahoa ai ia ʻe he kau vaʻinga mo ha tēpile noa ʻe taha ʻoku ofi pē ʻi ha lomiʻi ʻe taha.
Ngaahi Veʻeteka Lulēti ʻi Las VegasFounga Ngāue ʻa e Lulēti Hangatonu
Ko e hā ʻoku ʻi ai ai
ʻI he fokotuʻutuʻu ʻo e veʻeteka lulēti noa tolu, ʻoku muimui ʻa e 000 mo e 00 ki he 0, ko ia ʻoku lele ʻa e hokohoko 0, 000, 00, 32, 15 pea hokohoko atu ʻo hangē ko e veʻeteka ʻIulope. Ko e ʻuhinga ʻoku tatau mo e luo ʻīkale ʻo e ngaahi taʻu 1800: ko ha maketi ʻoku fakahoa ai ʻe he kau vaʻinga ʻa e peti siʻi taha ʻo e tēpile. ʻOku nofo ha tēpile noa tolu $5 ʻi he tafaʻaki ʻo ha tēpile noa ua $25 mo ha tēpile noa ʻe taha $100. Ko e tokotaha vaʻinga ʻoku nofo ʻi he tēpile siʻi taha hono totongi ʻoku ne totongi lahi taha ʻi he tola taki taha kuo peti. Ko ha palani ia ʻo e totongi kehekehe ʻoku ngāue koeʻuhi ʻoku tohi ʻa e totongi ʻi ha lea ʻoku ʻikai lau ʻe he tokolahi ʻo e kakai fakatau.
Noa ʻe tolu, pea toki fā
Naʻe ʻi ai ʻi he faʻahinga ʻa e Venetian ha S, ki heʻene kautaha faʻē ko Sands, ʻi he luo hono tolu ʻa e kasino. ʻI he 2018, ʻoku lipooti ʻe Bollman (2021), naʻe fakalele ʻe New York-New York mo Planet Hollywood ha ngaahi veʻeteka 000 pea kuo tuku ʻe he Luxor hono lōkou pilamita ʻi he luo hono 39. Naʻe ʻikai ke mafola pē ʻi ha hala ʻe taha. ʻI he kamataʻanga ʻo Sepitema 2025, naʻe toʻo ʻe Wynn mo Encore ʻenau ngaahi tēpile noa tolu mei he fale vaʻinga; naʻe pehē ʻe he kautaha naʻa nau vakaiʻi pe ʻoku feʻunga ʻenau ngaahi totongi mo e mahuʻinga naʻa nau ʻoatu. Ko ha uike siʻi kimuʻa ai, naʻe tuku atu ʻe he Palazzo ha veʻeteka mo ha luo maka mahuʻinga ʻe fā ʻi he fetongi ʻo e ngaahi noa, ʻa ia ʻoku totongi ʻa e meimei 10% ʻi he ngaahi fika kimuʻa pea toki fakafoki ha meʻa ʻe hono veʻeteka bonasi. Naʻe fakahā ʻe he ngaahi savea ʻo Mē mo Sepitema 2026 ʻa e ngaahi fika ʻo e foki ki mui. ʻI Mē 2026, ʻi he kasino ʻe 64 ʻi Las Vegas ʻoku nau vaʻinga lulēti hangatonu, naʻe vaʻinga ʻe he fā ʻa e noa tolu pē: Binion’s, Circus Circus, the Luxor mo Slots A Fun. ʻI Sepitema 2026, kuo toʻo ʻe he kasino ʻe hiva ʻenau ngaahi tēpile noa tolu kotoa ʻi he ngaahi taʻu siʻi kimuʻa, ʻo kau ai ʻa e Rio, the Sahara, Treasure Island, Wynn mo Encore. Naʻe siʻi taha ʻa e noa ʻe taha ʻi he Strat, ʻa ia naʻa ne liliu ha tēpile ʻe taha ki ai ʻi he $15 pe $25 ki he vilo; ʻi he ngaahi feituʻu kehe ʻo e kolo naʻe kamata ia ʻi he $50.
Ko e fili
Kapau ʻoku ʻi ai ha tēpile noa ʻe taha ʻi ha peti ʻe lava ke ke totongi, vaʻinga ai ʻi ha peti siʻi ange ʻi he tēpile lulēti noa tolu ʻi ha peti lahi ange. Ko e $5 ʻi he 7.69% ʻoku totongi ʻa e $0.38 ki he vilo; ko e $10 ʻi he 2.70% ʻoku totongi ʻa e $0.27. Ko e tēpile “siʻi ange hono totongi” ʻoku meimei 40% mamafa ange lolotonga ʻoku tuku ʻe he tēpile “mamafa” ke ke peti liunga ua.
Ngaahi fehuʻi
ʻIo. ʻOku fakahā ia ʻi he palani ʻo e tēpile mo e ngaahi lao.
ʻIo, hangē ko e 0 mo e 00. Ko e peti ki ai ko ha peti 7.69% ia hangē ko e meʻa kehe kotoa pē ʻi he tēpile.
Naʻe mafola vave ia ʻi he Las Vegas Strip hili ʻa e 2016, pea kuo toe toʻo ia ʻe he kasino ʻe hiva ʻi Las Vegas talu mei ai. ʻI he feituʻu ʻoku ofi ai ha tēpile noa ʻe taha ʻi ha lomiʻi pē ʻe taha, naʻe ʻikai ʻaupito ke manakoa ia.
Vaʻinga mo e Matematika
ʻUluaki feinga ke ke fakaleleiʻi ʻe koe. Kuo pelu ʻa e tali takitaha; fakaava ia ʻi hoʻo mateuteu.
Fakapapauʻi naʻe tauhi ʻe ha kasino ʻa e veʻeteka noaveʻetekaNoaKo e luo lanu mata pē ʻe taha ʻoku ʻikai kāpui ʻe ha peti totongi tatau, peti tasini pe peti kōlomu; ko e tupuʻanga ia ʻo e tuʻunga lelei ʻo e kasino. ʻOku toe ui: noa ʻe taha, 0.Lau kotoa → tolu ka naʻe totongi ʻa e 36 ki he 1 ki ha peti fika ʻe tahapetiPeti fika ʻe tahaFika pē ʻe taha, totongi ʻo e 35:1.Lau kotoa → ʻi he ʻikai ko e 35. Ko e hā ʻa e totongi ʻe mole ʻi he peti ko ia? Pea ʻi he 37 ki he 1?
Fakahā ʻa e tali
Tali 5.13% ʻi he 36 ki he 1, ʻoku siʻi siʻi ange ʻi ha peti fika ʻe taha ʻAmelika; 2.56% ʻi he 37 ki he 1, ʻoku siʻi ange ʻi ha peti ʻIulope.
ʻOku ikuna ʻe ha peti fika ʻe taha ʻe $1 ʻi he luomeʻangāueLuoKo e taha ʻo e ngaahi luo ʻe 37 ʻoku fakafika ʻi he konga vilo. ʻOku toe ui: slot, cup.Lau kotoa → ʻe 39 ʻo liunga taha ʻi he vilo ʻe 39 ʻi he ʻavalisi pea mole ʻo liunga 38.
ʻI he 36 ki he 1: +36 ʻo liunga taha, −1 ʻo liunga tolungofulu mā valu, ko e fakakātoa ko e −2 ʻi he vilo ʻe 39 kotoa pē. Ko e 2/39 = 5.13% ia.
ʻI he 37 ki he 1, ko e fakakātoa ko e −1 ʻi he vilo ʻe 39 kotoa pē, 1/39 = 2.56%. ʻOku toʻo ʻe he iunitipaʻangaIunitiKo e peti tefito ʻoku ngāueʻaki ʻe ha sisitemi pe ha tokotaha vaʻinga. ʻOku fakamatalaʻi ʻa e ngaahi fakalakalaka peti ʻaki ʻa e iuniti koeʻuhi ke ngāue ʻi ha tēpile pē.Lau kotoa → tānaki kotoa pē ʻo e totongipaʻangaTotongiKo e meʻa ʻoku fakafoki ʻe ha peti ikuna, ʻoku fakahā ko e “X ki he 1” ʻi ʻolunga ʻi he peti ʻoku fakafoki.Lau kotoa → ha luo ʻe taha ʻa e kasino mei he fika. ʻOku fakamatala ʻe Bollman (2021) naʻe tohoaki ʻe he ngaahi tēpile noa tolu ʻa e kau vaʻinga ʻaki ʻa e ngaahi peti siʻi taha maʻulalo, ko ia naʻe ʻikai ha ʻuhinga ke totongi lahi ange ai ʻa e ngaahi kasino.
Meʻa fakaoli
Ko e tēpile siʻi taha hono totongi ʻi he loki ko e mamafa taha ia.
Ngaahi Maʻuʻanga
- Ethier, S. N. The Doctrine of Chances: Probabilistic Aspects of Gambling.
- Schwartz, D. G. Roll the Bones: The History of Gambling.
- Bollman, M. Mathematics of the Big Four Casino Table Games: Blackjack, Baccarat, Craps, & Roulette.
- CDC Gaming Reports. News brief on Wynn Las Vegas removing triple-zero roulette.
- Vegas Advantage. “Las Vegas Roulette Locations and Minimum Bets.” Table-game survey.
- Vegas Advantage. “Las Vegas Casinos Are Loosening Up.”
- Interblock. “Roulette Game & Special Bets: Description”, version 1.2.1.
- Wizard of Odds. “Number Sequence in Roulette.”