Lulēti ʻi ʻAmelika
Lulēti ʻi ʻAmelika: noa ua ko e angamaheni, ngaahi lao ʻinitaneti ʻi he siteiti takitaha, mo e ʻapi ʻo e noa tolu.
ʻI ʻAmelika, ko e lulēti ko e lulēti ʻAmelikafaʻahingaLulēti ʻAmelikaVeʻeteka mo e 0 mo e 00, luo ʻe 38, tuʻunga lelei ʻo e kasino 5.26%. ʻOku ʻikai ko e sīpinga tefito ia ʻo e uepisaiti ni.Lau kotoa → ia (luomeʻangāueLuoKo e taha ʻo e ngaahi luo ʻe 37 ʻoku fakafika ʻi he konga vilo. ʻOku toe ui: slot, cup.Lau kotoa → ʻe 38, 5.26%) ʻi he meimei kasino kotoa pē. ʻOku ʻi ai ʻa e ngaahi tēpile noa ʻe taha ʻi he ngaahi fakangatangata māʻolunga ange. ʻOku fakalao ʻa e vaʻinga kasino ʻi he ʻinitaneti ʻi ha siteiti siʻi pē mo e lulēti hangatonu mo e lulēti RNGfaʻahingaLulēti RNGLulēti mo ha polokalama ngaohi fika taʻefakataumuʻa kae ʻikai ko ha veʻeteka fakatuʻasino. Faingamālie tatau, ʻikai lava ha hehema ʻa e veʻeteka.Lau kotoa →; ʻi he ngaahi feituʻu kehe ʻoku tapui pe ʻikai puleʻi.
Ko e tuʻunga ʻo e ngaahi kasino ʻi he fonua
Naʻe fakalao ʻe Nevada ʻa e ngaahi kasino ʻi he 1931, ʻAtalanitiki Siti ʻi he 1976, ngaahi kasino ʻa e ngaahi matakali ʻi he fonua kotoa hili ʻa e 1988, pea mo e ngaahi kasino fakakomesiale ʻi he meimei siteiti ʻe uofulumāfā talu mei ai. ʻOku meimei fakalele kotoa ʻa e veʻeteka noaveʻetekaNoaKo e luo lanu mata pē ʻe taha ʻoku ʻikai kāpui ʻe ha peti totongi tatau, peti tasini pe peti kōlomu; ko e tupuʻanga ia ʻo e tuʻunga lelei ʻo e kasino. ʻOku toe ui: noa ʻe taha, 0.Lau kotoa → ua ʻi he ngaahi tēpile angamaheni. ʻOku ʻi ai ʻa e ngaahi veʻeteka noa ʻe taha ʻi he ngaahi loki fakangatangata māʻolunga ʻi he Las Vegas Strip, ʻi he niʻihi ʻo e ngaahi kasino ʻi ʻAtalanitiki Siti mo e ngaahi feituʻu kehe, pea ʻoku tupu ʻi he ngaahi mīsini ʻelekitulōnika. Naʻe ʻoatu ʻe ʻAtalanitiki Siti ʻi he kuohili ʻa e “surrender” (tukulolo) ʻi he ngaahi peti totongi tataupetiPeti totongi tatauKulokula/ʻuliʻuli, taʻehoa/hoa, māʻolunga/māʻulalo. Fika ʻe 18, totongi ʻo e 1:1.Lau kotoa → (foki mai ʻa e vaeua ʻi he 0 pe 00), ʻo hoko ai ʻa e ngaahi peti ko ia ko e 2.63%; kuo taʻeangamaheni ia he taimi ni.
Ngaahi Mīsini Lulēti FakaʻelekitulōnikaʻOku Fakalao ʻa e Lulēti ʻi Kalefōnia?
Ngaahi lao vaʻinga paʻanga ʻa ʻAmelika ki he lulēti: ʻinitaneti, siteiti ki he siteiti
ʻOku ʻikai ha lao fakafetuʻutaki ki he kasino ʻi he ʻinitaneti; ʻoku fili ʻe he siteiti takitaha. ʻI he 2026, ʻoku laiseni ʻa e ngaahi vaʻinga kasino ʻi he ʻinitaneti kau ai ʻa e lulēti ʻi Nuʻu Sēsī (talu mei he 2013), Delaware, Penisilivēnia, Mishikeni, West Virginia, Connecticut mo Rhode Island, mo e ngaahi sitiutio tīla hangatonu ʻi Nuʻu Sēsī, Penisilivēnia mo Mishikeni. ʻOku fakalao ʻa e peti sipoti ʻi ha ngaahi siteiti lahi ange ʻi he ngaahi vaʻinga kasino. ʻI he ngaahi feituʻu kehe, ʻoku ngāue ʻa e ngaahi uepisaiti mei muli taʻe ha laiseni ʻAmelika pea taʻe ha feituʻu ke kole tokoni ai. ʻOku ʻi ha feituʻu taʻemahino ʻa e ngaahi kasino faʻahinga sweepstakes pea ʻoku lolotonga vakaiʻi.
ʻOku fakalao ʻe Nevada ʻa e vaʻinga paʻanga ʻi he kasino.
ʻOku fakangofua ʻe Nuʻu Sēsī ʻa e ngaahi kasino ʻi ʻAtalanitiki Siti.
ʻOku tapui fakalao ʻe Nevada ʻa e ngaahi meʻangāue tomuʻa tala hili ʻa e kuonga ʻo e komipiuta ʻi he sū.
Indian Gaming Regulatory Act; mafola ʻa e ngaahi kasino ʻa e ngaahi matakali.
Kamata ʻe Nuʻu Sēsī ʻa e ngaahi kasino ʻoku puleʻi ʻi he ʻinitaneti, kau ai ʻa e lulēti.
Hā mai ʻa e lulēti noa tolu ʻi he Las Vegas Strip.
Fakaʻatā ʻe he Fakamaauʻanga Māʻolunga Taha ʻa e tapui fakafetuʻutaki ki he peti sipoti; fai lao ʻa e ngaahi siteiti.
Laiseni ʻe Penisilivēnia, Mishikeni, West Virginia, Connecticut, Rhode Island ʻa e ngaahi kasino ʻi he ʻinitaneti.
Siteiti ʻe fitu ʻoku fakalao ai ʻa e vaʻinga kasino ʻi he ʻinitaneti; ngaahi sitiutio lulēti hangatonu ʻi he tolu.
Ko e maketi ʻo e peti siʻi taha fehangahangai mo e tuʻunga lelei
ʻOku fokotuʻu ʻe he ngaahi kasino ʻi ʻAmelika ʻa e totongi ʻo e lulēti ʻaki ʻa e peti siʻi taha ʻo e tēpile, ʻikai ko e tuʻunga lelei ʻo e kasinomatematikaTuʻunga lelei ʻo e kasinoKo e konga ʻo e peti takitaha ʻoku tauhi ʻe he kasino ʻi he ʻavalisi: 2.70% ʻi he lulēti ʻIulope.Lau kotoa →, pea ʻoku fakahoa ʻe he tokolahi ʻo e kau vaʻinga ʻa e ngaahi peti siʻi taha. Ko e ola ko ha kasino ʻoku ʻi ai ʻa e nofoʻanga maʻamaʻa taha (noa tolu ʻi he $5) ʻoku kovi taha hono faingamālie pea ko e faingamālie lelei taha (noa ʻe taha ʻi he $100) ʻoku mamafa fau ki he tokolahi ʻo e kau vaʻinga. ʻOku pehē ʻe he fika ko ha peti ʻo e $100 ʻi he noa ʻe taha ʻoku fakamole ʻaki ʻa e $2.70 ʻi he vilo pea ko ha peti ʻo e $10 ʻi he noa tolu ʻoku fakamole ʻaki ʻa e $0.77: ko e tēpile maʻamaʻa ʻoku maʻamaʻa ange ʻi he vilo pea mamafa ange ʻi he tola. Fili pe ko e fē ʻoku ke fakatau.
Ngaahi tōʻonga makehe
ʻOku ʻi he feituʻu kotoa pē ʻa e sipi lanutēpileSipi lanuNgaahi sipi ki he lulēti pē ʻi ha lanu ʻoku makehe ki he tokotaha vaʻinga takitaha ʻi he tēpile, mo ha mahuʻinga ʻoku fokotuʻu ʻi he fakatau sipi. ʻOku toe ui: wheel checks.Lau kotoa → ki he tokotaha vaʻinga takitaha. ʻOku angamaheni ʻa e tipi ki he tīla, ʻo faʻa ʻaki hono tuku ha peti maʻana. ʻOku totongi ʻe he niʻihi ʻo e ngaahi palani ʻo e tēpilemeʻangāuePalani ʻo e tēpileKo e palani peti kuo paaki ʻi he tēpile. ʻOku toe ui: tēpile, felt, cloth.Lau kotoa → motuʻa ʻa e “35 maʻa e 1” ʻo ʻikai ko e “35 ki he 1” ʻi he ngaahi peti fika ʻe tahapetiPeti fika ʻe tahaFika pē ʻe taha, totongi ʻo e 35:1.Lau kotoa →, ʻa ia ko ha totongipaʻangaTotongiKo e meʻa ʻoku fakafoki ʻe ha peti ikuna, ʻoku fakahā ko e “X ki he 1” ʻi ʻolunga ʻi he peti ʻoku fakafoki.Lau kotoa → ʻoku kovi ange ʻaki ha iunitipaʻangaIunitiKo e peti tefito ʻoku ngāueʻaki ʻe ha sisitemi pe ha tokotaha vaʻinga. ʻOku fakamatalaʻi ʻa e ngaahi fakalakalaka peti ʻaki ʻa e iuniti koeʻuhi ke ngāue ʻi ha tēpile pē.Lau kotoa → ʻe taha; ʻoku fakamatalaʻi ʻe he konga Ako ʻa e kehekehe. ʻOku taʻeangamaheni ʻa e ngaahi peti uitēpilePeti uiKo ha peti ʻoku fakahā ki he tīla kae ʻikai tuku ʻaki ʻa e nima, ʻo faʻa hoko ko ha peti ki ha konga ʻo e veʻeteka hangē ko e voisins pe tiers. ʻOku toe ui “peti fakahā”.Lau kotoa → mo e ngaahi hala leletēpileHala leleKo e konga fōtunga fua ʻi he ngaahi palani ʻo e tēpile hangatonu mo fakaʻelekitulōnika ʻoku fakahā ai ʻa e ngaahi fika ʻo hangē ko hono hokohoko ʻi he veʻeteka, ʻoku ngāueʻaki ke tuku ʻa e peti kaungāʻapi mo e peti konga ʻaki ha lomiʻi pē ʻe taha.Lau kotoa → ʻi he tēpile pea angamaheni ʻi he ngaahi mīsini.
Ngaahi Sipi Lulēti mo e Fakatau SipiNgaahi Tōʻonga Lelei ʻi he Lulēti
Faleʻi ki ha tokotaha vaʻinga ʻi ʻAmelika
Kumi ki he tēpile noa ʻe taha kapau ʻe lava ʻe hoʻo paʻanga vaʻingapaʻangaPaʻanga vaʻingaKo e fakakātoa ʻo e paʻanga kuo vahe ke vaʻinga ʻaki. Ko e puleʻi ʻo e paʻanga vaʻinga ko e fili pe ko e hā hono lahi ʻoku tuku ki he fakatuʻutāmaki ʻi he peti takitaha mo e taimi vaʻinga takitaha.Lau kotoa → ʻo fua hono peti siʻi taha; kapau ʻikai, peti siʻi ange ʻi he noa uafaʻahingaNoa uaKo e luo 00 ʻo e veʻeteka ʻAmelika. ʻOku hiki hake ʻe hono ʻi ai ʻa e tuʻunga lelei ʻo e kasino mei he 2.70% ki he 5.26%.Lau kotoa → kae ʻoua ʻe nofo ʻi he tēpile noa tolu. ʻI he ʻinitaneti, vaʻinga pē mo ha tokotaha fakalele kuo laiseni ʻe he siteiti, ʻa ia ʻoku fakamoʻoniʻi ai ʻa e RNG pea ʻoku ʻi ha sitiutio ʻoku puleʻi ʻa e veʻeteka hangatonu. Ngāue ʻaki ʻa e ngaahi meʻangāue vaʻinga fakapotopoto ʻa e siteiti; ʻoku ʻi he uepisaiti laiseni kotoa pē ʻa e ngaahi fakangatangata ʻo e tānaki paʻanga mo e tāpuniʻi kita.
Ngaahi fehuʻi
Ko e hisitōlia mo ha maketi ʻoku ne fakahoa ʻa e ngaahi peti siʻi taha kae ʻikai ko e ngaahi tuʻunga lelei.
ʻIkai ʻaki ha laiseni ʻAmelika. ʻOku ʻikai ha laiseni ʻa e ngaahi uepisaiti mei muli pea ʻoku ʻikai ha feituʻu ke kole tokoni ai.
Taʻeangamaheni he taimi ni, ka vakai ki he palani ʻo e tēpile. ʻOku ʻuhinga ia ko e 34 ki he 1.
Vaʻinga mo e Matematika
ʻUluaki feinga ke ke fakaleleiʻi ʻe koe. Kuo pelu ʻa e tali takitaha; fakaava ia ʻi hoʻo mateuteu.
ʻI he 2008, naʻe fakangofua ai ʻe Niu Sēsī ha peti lulēti ki ha kulupu tuʻumaʻu ʻo e fika ʻe fitu, 10 ki he 15 mo e 33, ʻoku totongi ʻa e 4 ki he 1. Ko e hā ʻa e totongi ʻoku mole ai ʻi ha veʻeteka noaveʻetekaNoaKo e luo lanu mata pē ʻe taha ʻoku ʻikai kāpui ʻe ha peti totongi tatau, peti tasini pe peti kōlomu; ko e tupuʻanga ia ʻo e tuʻunga lelei ʻo e kasino. ʻOku toe ui: noa ʻe taha, 0.Lau kotoa → ua, pea ko e hā ʻe mole ai ʻi ha veʻeteka noa ʻe taha?
Fakahā ʻa e tali
Tali 7.89% ʻi ha veʻeteka noa ua, ʻoku lahi ange ʻaki hono vaeua ʻi he 5.26% angamaheni, pea 5.41% ʻi ha veʻeteka noa ʻe taha, liunga ua ʻo e 2.70% angamaheni.
ʻI he vilo ʻe 38, ʻoku ikuna ʻa e peti ʻo liunga 7, +4 taki taha, pea mole ʻo liunga 31: 28 − 31 = −3, ko ia ko e 3/38 = 7.89%.
ʻI he vilo ʻe 37: 28 − 30 = −2, ko ia ko e 2/37 = 5.41%.
ʻE totongi ʻe he lao angamaheni ʻa e 36/7 − 1 ≈ 4.14 ki he 1. Ko hono fakasiʻisiʻi ki he 4 ki he 1 ʻoku tānaki ai ʻa e totongi lahi ange, hangē ko e 6 ki he 1 ʻi he peti fika ʻe nima ʻAmelika. ʻOku fokotuʻu ʻe Bollman (2024) ia ko ha ngāue ako.
Meʻa fakaoli
Noa ua ʻi he kasino. Siteiti ki he siteiti ʻi he ʻinitaneti.
Ngaahi Maʻuʻanga
- Schwartz, D. G. Roll the Bones: The History of Gambling.
- Bass, T. A. The Eudaemonic Pie.
- Bollman, M. Mathematics of the Big Four Casino Table Games: Blackjack, Baccarat, Craps, & Roulette.