Roulettenburg ʻa Dostoevsky
The Gambler (1866): ko e tohi lelei taha ʻo kau ki he lulēti, naʻe faʻu ʻe ha tangata naʻe lolotonga mole ai, ʻi he ʻaho ʻe uofulu mā ono.
Naʻe lau ʻe Dostoevsky ʻa e The Gambler ke tohi ʻe ha taha kehe koeʻuhi ke totongi ʻa e ngaahi moʻua naʻe tupu mei he ngaahi tēpile ʻi Wiesbaden mo Homburg. ʻOku fakamatalaʻi ʻe heʻene tokotaha talanoa ko Alexei ʻa e kasino ʻi he kolo vai mafana, ʻa e ngaahi sisitemi, ʻa e tui papau ʻoku pau ke ngata ha hokohoko, mo e ongoʻi ʻoku hangē ha ikuna ko ha mahinoʻi, ʻo tonu ʻaupito ʻo ʻikai ha tokotaha matematika kuo ne fakaleleiʻi ange.
Ko e tūkunga
ʻI he 1866 naʻe moʻua ʻa Dostoevsky ki ha tokotaha pulusi ha tohi talanoa ʻi he 1 Nōvema pe mole ʻa e totonu ki heʻene ngaahi ngāue ʻi he taʻu ʻe hiva. Naʻe mole lahi ia ʻi he lulēti ʻi he ngaahi kolo vai mafana ʻo Siamane ʻi he 1863 mo e 1865, ʻo ne pōni ʻene ngaahi koloa mo e teunga ʻa hono uaifi. Naʻa ne totongi ha tokotaha tohi nounou, ko Anna Snitkina, pea naʻa ne lau ʻa e The Gambler ke tohi ʻi he vahaʻa ʻo e 4 mo e 29 ʻOkatopa, ʻo ʻosi mo e ngaahi ʻaho ʻe niʻihi naʻe toe. Naʻa ne mali mo Anna ʻi he taʻu hono hoko. Naʻa ne kei vaʻinga paʻanga ʻo aʻu ki he 1871, pea naʻa ne tuku kakato leva.
Roulettenburg
Ko e kolo ko Wiesbaden, Homburg mo Baden-Baden kuo fakatahaʻi: ko e Kurhaus, ko e hala lue, ko e fāmili Lūsia ʻoku moʻui ʻi he moʻua lolotonga ʻenau tatali ke pekia ha kui fefine. ʻOku tonu ʻaupito ʻa e ngaahi konga ʻi he kasino. ʻOku fakamatalaʻi ʻe Alexei ʻa e ngaahi ui ʻa e kulupiekakaiKulupieKo e tīla ʻi ha tēpile lulēti.Lau kotoa →, ʻa e palani ʻo e tēpilemeʻangāuePalani ʻo e tēpileKo e palani peti kuo paaki ʻi he tēpile. ʻOku toe ui: tēpile, felt, cloth.Lau kotoa →, ʻa e lahi ʻo e ngaahi peti, ʻa e kakai ʻi he tēpile, ʻa e ngaahi “sisitemi” ʻoku tuli ʻe he kau vaʻinga mo ʻenau ngaahi pepa tohi, mo e founga ʻoku lea ai ʻa e kau vaʻinga ki he ngaahi fika ʻo hangē ʻoku ʻi ai ʻenau taumuʻa. ʻOku tatau ʻa e meʻa kotoa pē mo e ngaahi peesi lulēti ʻi he uepisaiti ni; ko e tohi ko ha maʻuʻanga fakamatala tefito.
Ko e kui fefine
Ko e konga lahi taha ʻo e tohi talanoa: ko Antonida Vasilievna, ko e kui fefine koloaʻia ʻoku tatali ʻa e fāmili ki hono pekia, ʻoku aʻu ki Roulettenburg ʻi ha sea fua, ʻoku teke ia ki he ngaahi tēpile, ʻoku ne peti ki he noaveʻetekaNoaKo e luo lanu mata pē ʻe taha ʻoku ʻikai kāpui ʻe ha peti totongi tatau, peti tasini pe peti kōlomu; ko e tupuʻanga ia ʻo e tuʻunga lelei ʻo e kasino. ʻOku toe ui: noa ʻe taha, 0.Lau kotoa → koeʻuhí kuo talaange ʻoku totongi ia ʻa e 35 ki he 1, pea ʻoku tō ia. ʻOku ne toe peti ki he noa. Pea toe. ʻI loto ʻi he ʻaho ʻe ua kuo mole ʻa e lahi taha ʻo ʻene koloa, ʻo ne kei pikitai ki he noa, mo tui papau ʻoku pau ke haʻu ia, lolotonga ʻoku sio hono kāinga ki honau tofiʻa ʻoku ʻalu atu ʻi he tēpile ʻi he peti fika ʻe tahapetiPeti fika ʻe tahaFika pē ʻe taha, totongi ʻo e 35:1.Lau kotoa → ʻe taha ʻi he taimi. Ko e fakamatala fakafatu lelei taha ia ʻo e meʻa ʻoku fai ʻe ha peti 1/37 ki ha tokotaha kuo ne sio kuo tō ia tuʻo taha.
Ko e ikuna ʻa Alexei
ʻI he konga ki mui ʻo e tohi ʻoku ikuna ʻa Alexei ʻa e falangi ʻe uangeau afe ʻi ha pō pē ʻe taha, ʻo lahi taha ʻi he kulokulapetiKulokulaPeti totongi tatau ki he fika kulokula ʻe 18. Faka-Falanisē: rouge.Lau kotoa → mo e ngaahi peti fika ʻe taha, ʻi ha hokohoko ʻo e ngaahi peti ʻoku fakamatalaʻi vilo ki he vilo. ʻOkú ne ongoʻi, ʻi he taimi ko ia, kuo ne mahinoʻi ha meʻa: te ne lava ʻo puleʻi ʻa e veʻeteka ʻaki hono loto. ʻOku fakamoleki pea ʻosi ʻa e ikuna ʻi ha ngaahi peesi siʻi pē. ʻOku mahinoʻi ʻe he tohi ko e ikuna ko e meʻa kovi taha ia naʻe lava ke hoko kiate ia, ʻa ia ko e vakai fakafaitoʻo ia ʻi ha senituli kimuʻa pea ʻi ai ha kiliniki.
ʻUluaki fononga ki he ngaahi kolo vai mafana; ikuna, pea mole lahi ʻi Wiesbaden.
Toe ʻi Wiesbaden; mole ʻa e meʻa kotoa; tohi ha ngaahi tohi kole tokoni; ko e Crime and Punishment naʻe faʻu ha konga ʻi he tūkunga ko ʻeni.
Lau ʻa e The Gambler ke tohi ʻi he ʻaho ʻe 26 ke fakakakato ha aleapau.
Mali mo Anna Snitkina; ʻalu ki muli; vaʻinga paʻanga ʻi Homburg, Baden-Baden mo Saxon-les-Bains, ʻo toutou mole.
Ko e vaʻinga paʻanga fakaʻosi kuo tohi, ʻi Wiesbaden. ʻOkú ne tohi kia Anna kuo ʻosi. Pea naʻe ʻosi moʻoni.
Tāpuni ʻa e ngaahi kasino ʻi Siamane. ʻOku moʻui fuoloa ange ʻa e The Gambler ʻi he ngaahi tēpile ʻoku ne fakamatalaʻi.
Ko e ʻuhinga ko e tohi lelei taha ia ki he lulēti
Koeʻuhí ʻoku ʻikai te ne fakamatalaʻi ha meʻa pea ʻoku tonu ʻa e meʻa kotoa pē. ʻOku pehē ʻe he ngaahi peesi matematika ʻi he uepisaiti ni ʻoku tauʻatāina ʻa e ngaahi vilo, ʻoku liliu ʻe he ngaahi sisitemi ʻa e ngaahi taimi vaʻinga kae ʻikai ko e ʻamanekina, pea ko ha ikuna ko e vēlianimatematikaVēlianiKo ha fua ʻo hono mafola ʻo e ngaahi ola takatakai ʻi he mahuʻinga ʻamanekina. Māʻolunga ki he peti fika ʻe taha, māʻulalo ki he ngaahi peti totongi tatau.Lau kotoa → ia ka ʻoku ongoʻi hangē ha poto. ʻOku fakahā ʻe Dostoevsky ha tangata ʻoku ne tui ki he fehangahangai ʻo e taki taha ʻo e ngaahi meʻa ko ia, ʻo hokohoko, mei loto, pea ʻoku ne ʻai ke ongoʻi ʻe he tokotaha lau ʻa e tui ko ia. ʻOku tala atu ʻe he fika ʻa e meʻa ʻoku moʻoni; ʻoku tala atu ʻe he tohi talanoa ʻa e ʻuhinga ʻoku ʻikai feʻunga ai ia.
Ngaahi fehuʻi
Naʻa ne tui ki he nonga: ko ha tokotaha vaʻinga nonga ʻe ʻikai lava ke mole. Ko e fakakaukau loi ia ʻo e mapuleʻi, pea naʻa ne fakamatalaʻi lelei ange ia ʻi ha toe taha lolotonga ʻene tui ki ai.
Ko ha fakatahaʻi. Ko Wiesbaden ʻa e sīpinga tefito.
Nounou: ko ha efiafi lōloa. Lau ia kimuʻa ʻi hoʻo taimi vaʻinga hoko, ʻikai ko e hili ia.
Meʻa fakaoli
Naʻa ne fakamatalaʻi haohaoa ʻa e fehalaaki lolotonga ʻene tui ki ai. Ko e tohi ia.
Ngaahi Maʻuʻanga
- Dostoevsky, F. The Gambler.
- Frank, J. Dostoevsky: The Miraculous Years, 1865–1871.
- Kavanagh, T. M. Dice, Cards, Wheels: A Different History of French Culture.