Founga Lulēti Labouchère
ʻOku ngāue ʻa e founga lulēti Labouchère mei ha laine fika. Peti ʻa e fakakātoa ʻo e ongo ngataʻanga. Tāmateʻi ʻa kinaua hili ha ikuna, tānaki ʻa e peti naʻe mole hili ha mole.
ʻOku ʻikai ke ne ikunaʻi ʻa e veʻeteka. ʻOku ikunaʻi ʻe hono fakaʻosi ʻo e laine ʻa hono fakakātoa. ʻOku lōloa ange ʻa e laine ʻi he ngaahi vahaʻa taimi mole, pea mo e ngaahi peti foki. Mole ʻamanekina: 2.70% ʻo e meʻa kotoa naʻe peti.
ʻAlu ʻi he sisitemi
Ko e peti ko e ʻuluaki fika fakataha mo e fika fakaʻosi. Ko ha ikuna ʻoku toʻo ai ʻa e ongo fika ko ia. Ko ha mole ʻoku tohi ai ʻa e peti ʻi he ngataʻanga.
ʻOku fua ʻa e ngaahi peti mo e ola ʻaki ʻa e iuniti ʻo e peti tefito.
ʻOku ngāue fēfē ʻa e sisitemi lulēti Labouchère ʻi he pepa
Fili pe ko e hā hono lahi ʻoku ke fie ikunaʻi, hangē ko e iunitipaʻangaIunitiKo e peti tefito ʻoku ngāueʻaki ʻe ha sisitemi pe ha tokotaha vaʻinga. ʻOku fakamatalaʻi ʻa e ngaahi fakalakalaka peti ʻaki ʻa e iuniti koeʻuhi ke ngāue ʻi ha tēpile pē.Lau kotoa → ʻe 10, pea tohi ia ko ha laine fika ʻoku tānaki ki ai: 1 2 3 4. Ko e peti takitaha ko e ʻuluaki fika tānaki ʻa e fika fakamuimui: 1 + 4 = 5. Kapau te ke ikuna, tāmateʻi ʻa e ongo ngataʻanga; ko e laine ʻeni ko e 2 3. Kapau te ke mole, tohi ʻa e peti ʻi he ngataʻanga: 1 2 3 4 5. Hoko atu kae ʻoua kuo ʻatā ʻa e laine, ʻa ia ʻoku ʻuhinga kuo ke ikunaʻi ʻa e iuniti ʻe 10, pe kae ʻoua kuo ʻikai te ke lava ʻo totongi ʻa e peti hoko. ʻOku ngāue ia hangē ha lisi ngāue ʻoku toʻo ai ʻe he ngāue kotoa kuo ʻosi ha meʻa ʻe ua pea tānaki ʻe he ngāue kotoa naʻe taʻelavameʻa ha meʻa lahi ange ʻi lalo.
Ko e hā ʻoku faʻa ʻatā ai ʻa e laine?
ʻOku toʻo ʻe he ikuna takitaha ha fika ʻe ua; ʻoku tānaki ʻe he mole takitaha ha fika ʻe taha. ʻOku nounou ange ʻa e laine ʻi he taimi kotoa ʻoku lahi ange ai ʻa e ngaahi ikuna ʻi he konga ʻo e lahi ʻo e ngaahi mole, pea ʻi he peti totongi tatau (48.6%) ʻoku faʻa pehē. Ko e lahi taha ʻo e ngaahi laine ʻoku ʻatā. Ko e meʻa ia ʻoku manako ai ʻa e kakai pea ko e tauhele foki: ko e ngaahi taimi vaʻinga ʻoku ʻikai ʻatā ai ʻa e laine ko e ngaahi taimi ia naʻe lahi ange ai ʻa e ngaahi mole ʻi he ngaahi ikuna ʻaki ʻa e ua ki he taha ʻi ha vahaʻa taimi, pea ʻi he taimi ko ia kuo lalahi ʻa e ngaahi fika ʻi he laine, mo e ngaahi peti.
- p10 −$500
- p25 −$500
- fika lotoloto (median) −$500
- p75 −$500
- p90 +$1,570
ʻOku ngāue koā ʻa e sisitemi Labouchère?
ʻIkai. Ko e lahi taha ʻo e ngaahi laine ʻoku ʻatā, pea ko e ngaahi laine ʻoku ʻikai ʻatā ʻoku lahi ange honau totongi ʻi he meʻa naʻe ikunaʻi ʻe he ngaahi laine naʻe ʻatā. Kamata mei he 1 2 3 4, ko ha hokohoko mole ʻe valu ʻoku ne ʻomi ʻa e laine 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 mo ha peti hoko ʻo e iuniti ʻe 13, mo e iuniti ʻe 68 kuo ʻosi mole. ʻI he $10 ki he iuniti ko ha peti ia ʻo e $130 pea kuo mole ʻa e $680. Ko e mole totongi tatau ʻe valu ʻo hoko taha ʻoku ʻi ai hono ngalingalimatematikaNgalingaliKo e faingamālie ʻo ha ola, mei he 0 ki he 1 pe 0% ki he 100%. Fika ʻe taha: 1/37 = 2.70%.Lau kotoa → ko e (19/37)⁸ ≈ 0.5% mei ha feituʻu kamataʻanga pē, pea ʻoku ʻi ai ʻa e ngaahi feituʻu kamataʻanga lahi ʻi ha taimi vaʻinga ʻo e vilo ʻe 200. ʻOku ʻikai hangē ko e MartingalefoungaMartingaleFakalakalaka peti ʻoku ne fakaua ʻa e peti hili ʻa e mole takitaha. Vakai ki he konga Ngaahi Founga ki he meʻa ʻoku ne fai mo e meʻa ʻoku ʻikai te ne fai.Lau kotoa →, ʻoku ʻikai fakaleleiʻi ia ʻe ha ikuna ʻe taha; ʻoku fiemaʻu ke ʻatā ʻa e laine, ʻa ia ʻoku fiemaʻu ai ha ngaahi ikuna lahi ange ʻi he ngaahi mole.
Ko e hā hono lahi ʻo e paʻanga ʻoku fiemaʻu ke poupou ʻaki ha laine nounou?
Ko e laine angamaheni nounou taha, 1 2 3, ʻoku ikunaʻi ai ʻa e iuniti ʻe 6. Naʻa mau faʻifaʻitakiʻi ha laine pehē ʻe miliona ʻe ua ʻi he kulokulapetiKulokulaPeti totongi tatau ki he fika kulokula ʻe 18. Faka-Falanisē: rouge.Lau kotoa → ʻi ha veʻeteka ʻIulope ʻoku ʻikai ha peti lahi taha ʻo e tēpile pea mau tohi ʻa e paʻanga lahi taha naʻe fiemaʻu ʻe he laine takitaha: ko e ngaahi mole ʻo aʻu mai tānaki ʻa e peti hoko. Ko e konga ʻo e ngaahi laine naʻe ʻikai fiemaʻu ai ha meʻa lahi ange ʻi he iuniti ʻe 9. Ko e taha ʻi he hongofulu naʻe fiemaʻu ha meʻa lahi ange ʻi he 79 pea ko e taha ʻi he nimangofulu naʻe lahi ange ʻi he 490, pea ke fakaʻosi ha laine ʻe 99 ʻi he 100 ʻoku fiemaʻu ʻe ha tokotaha vaʻinga ʻa e meimei iuniti ʻe 1,050 ke poupou ʻaki ha taumuʻa ʻo e iuniti ʻe 6. Neongo ʻoku ʻikai ha noaveʻetekaNoaKo e luo lanu mata pē ʻe taha ʻoku ʻikai kāpui ʻe ha peti totongi tatau, peti tasini pe peti kōlomu; ko e tupuʻanga ia ʻo e tuʻunga lelei ʻo e kasino. ʻOku toe ui: noa ʻe taha, 0.Lau kotoa →, ʻi ha vaʻinga faitotonumatematikaVaʻinga faitotonuKo ha vaʻinga ʻoku ʻikai maʻu ʻe ha tafaʻaki ha tuʻunga lelei: ko e peti kotoa pē ʻoku noa hono mahuʻinga ʻamanekina.Lau kotoa →, ʻe fiemaʻu ʻa e meimei 700. Kapau ʻoku siʻi ange ʻa e paʻanga poupou, ʻe mole ʻa e laine ʻi he taimi ʻe niʻihi, pea ko ha laine ʻe taha ʻoku mole ʻoku lahi ange hono totongi ʻi he meʻa kuo ikunaʻi ʻe ha ngaahi laine lahi naʻe fakaʻosi.
ʻOku ʻi ai koā ha ngaahi faʻahinga kehe?
Ko e LabouchèrefoungaLabouchèreSisitemi tāmateʻi: tohi ha laine fika, peti ʻaki ʻa e fakakātoa ʻo e ongo ngataʻanga, tāmateʻi kinaua hili ha ikuna, tānaki ʻa e peti naʻe mole hili ha mole.Lau kotoa → fakafoki ʻoku tānaki hili ha ikuna pea tāmateʻi hili ha mole, ʻo liliu ia ki ha fakalakalaka petifoungaFakalakalaka petiKo ha lao pē ʻoku ne liliu ʻa e lahi ʻo e peti ʻo fakatatau ki he ngaahi ola kimuʻa. Ko e ngaahi fakalakalaka fakafepaki ʻoku nau hiki hake ia hili ha mole, ko e ngaahi fakalakalaka fakapapau hili ha ikuna.Lau kotoa → fakaʻio mo ha taʻofi kuo ʻosi ʻi loto. Ko hono vahe ha laine lōloa ki ha ongo laine nounou ange ʻe ua (“1 2 3 4 5 6” ki he “1 2 3” mo e “4 5 6”) ʻoku ne fakasiʻisiʻi ʻa e ngaahi peti pea liunga ua ʻa e lahi ʻo e ngaahi laine ke fakaʻatā. Ko hono kamata ʻaki ha fika pē ʻe taha ko e peti tataufoungaPeti tatauPeti ʻaki ʻa e paʻanga tatau ʻi he vilo kotoa pē. Ko e tefito ia ʻoku fakahoa ki ai ʻa e fakalakalaka peti kotoa pē.Lau kotoa → pē ia mo ha taumuʻa.
Naʻe ikunaʻi koā ʻe he Labouchère fakafoki ʻa e kasino ʻi Nice?
ʻI he faʻahinga fakafoki ʻoku tānaki ʻe ha ikuna ʻa e peti ki he ngataʻanga ʻo e laine pea ʻoku tāmateʻi ʻe ha mole ʻa e ongo ngataʻanga. Ko ha laine ʻoku ʻatā kuo totongi ʻaki hono fakakātoa, iuniti ʻe 10 ki he 1 2 3 4; ko ha laine ʻoku kei ikuna ʻoku tupu hono ngaahi peti kae ʻoua kuo laka ʻa e peti hoko ʻi he peti lahi taha ʻo e tēpile, pea toki tauhi ʻe he tokotaha vaʻinga ʻa e tupu pea kamata foʻou. Ko e Labouchère ia kuo fulihi: ko e ngaahi laine mole siʻisiʻi lahi mo ha ikuna lahi tātātaha. ʻOku fakamatala ʻe he tohi ʻa Norman Leigh ko Thirteen Against the Bank (1976) ʻa e founga naʻe ngāueʻaki ai ia ʻe heʻene timi ʻi he faingamālie tatau ʻe ono kotoa ʻi Nice ʻi he 1966, pea ʻoku taukaveʻi ʻe ha fakamatala ʻamui ange naʻe ikuna ʻa e 96 ʻi he taimi vaʻinga ako ʻe 100 (Goldman, 2007). ʻOku fehangahangai ia. ʻI heʻemau faʻifaʻitaki ʻoku mole ʻa e lahi taha ʻo e ngaahi taimi vaʻinga pea ko e niʻihi siʻi ʻoku ikuna lahi, pea ko e māʻolunga ange ʻa e peti lahi taha, ko e tātātaha ange mo lahi ange ʻa e ngaahi ikuna. Ko e totongi ko e 1.35% tatau pē ia ʻo e fakakātoa ʻo e petipaʻangaFakakātoa ʻo e petiKo e fakakātoa ʻo e paʻanga naʻe peti ʻaki ʻi ha taimi vaʻinga pe vahaʻa taimi, kau ai ʻa e paʻanga naʻe ikunaʻi kuo toe peti ʻaki. ʻOku toe ui: handle, action.Lau kotoa → mo e la partagelaoLa partageLao faka-Falanisē: ʻi he hū ʻa e noa, ʻoku fakafoki ʻa e vaeua ʻo ha peti totongi tatau. ʻOku vaeua ai ʻa e tuʻunga lelei ʻo e kasino ʻi he ngaahi peti ko ia ki he 1.35%.Lau kotoa → neongo pe ko e hā ʻa e peti lahi taha.
Ko hai ʻa Labouchère?
Ko Henry Labouchère (1831–1912), ko ha tokotaha faiongoongo, tokotaha maʻu fale faiva mo ha mēmipa Paāliamēniti ʻo e Liberal, naʻa ne fakaʻiloaʻi ʻa e sisitemi ʻi he sōsaieti ʻo Lonitoni pea ʻoku pehē naʻa ne ngāueʻaki ia ʻi Monte Carlo. Naʻe ʻosi ʻi ai ʻa e founga tāmateʻi ki muʻa ʻiate ia. Kuo teʻeki ai ke fakahā ʻoku ne liliu ʻa e mole ʻamanekinamatematikaMole ʻamanekinaKo e mahuʻinga ʻamanekina liunga ʻaki ʻa e fakakātoa ʻo e paʻanga naʻe peti ʻaki; ko e ʻavalisi ʻo e paʻanga ʻoku mole ʻi ha taimi vaʻinga pe ha vahaʻa taimi.Lau kotoa →, ʻa ia ko e fakakātoa ʻo e ngaahi peti vahe ʻaki ʻa e 37.
Meʻa faʻifaʻitaki · Labouchère
Taimi vaʻinga ʻe 2,000 ʻo e ngaahi peti totongi tatau mei ha paʻanga vaʻinga ʻo e $1,000.
Peti tefito $10 · fakangatangata ʻo e tēpile $500 · vilo ʻe 100 ʻi he taimi vaʻinga takitaha
Ko e hā hono tuʻo lahi ʻo ha hokohoko mole
ʻOku mole ha peti totongi tatau ʻi ha veʻeteka noa ʻe taha ʻi he vilo ʻe 19 ʻi he 37. Ko e laine takitaha ko e ngalingali ke mole kotoa ha hokohoko vilo, mo e lahi kuo mole ai ʻe ha tokotaha vaʻinga Labouchère, ʻa ia ʻoku ne kamata ʻaki ʻa e laine 1 2 3 4 pea tohi ʻa e peti kotoa naʻe mole ʻi hono ngataʻanga.
| mole hokohoko | faingamālie | meimei 1 ʻi he | mole ki he taimi ni | peti hoko |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 51.4% | 2 | $5 | $6 |
| 2 | 26.4% | 4 | $11 | $7 |
| 3 | 13.5% | 7 | $18 | $8 |
| 4 | 7.0% | 14 | $26 | $9 |
| 5 | 3.6% | 28 | $35 | $10 |
| 6 | 1.8% | 55 | $45 | $11 |
| 7 | 0.94% | 106 | $56 | $12 |
| 8 | 0.48% | 207 | $68 | $13 |
| 9 | 0.25% | 403 | $81 | $14 |
| 10 | 0.13% | 784 | $95 | $15 |
| 11 | 0.065% | 1527 | $110 | $16 |
| 12 | 0.034% | 2974 | $126 | $17 |
| 13 | 0.017% | 5792 | $143 | $18 |
| 14 | 0.0089% | 11279 | $161 | $19 |
| 15 | 0.0046% | 21965 | $180 | $20 |
Ko e ngalingali ko e 19/37 kuo liunga ʻaki ia ʻe ia tuʻo taha ki he mole takitaha, lau mei ha vilo pau ʻe taha. ʻOku lahi ʻa e ngaahi vilo ʻi ha taimi vaʻinga lōloa ʻe lava ke kamata ai ha hokohoko pehē, ko ia ʻi ha efiafi ʻoku mahulu ange hono ngalingali ʻi he meʻa ʻoku fakahā ʻe ha laine ʻe taha.
Ngaahi fehuʻi
ʻOku tupu māmālie ange ʻa e ngaahi peti, ko ia ʻoku tātātaha ange ʻa e mato pea lōloa ange ʻa e kaka. ʻOku tatau tofu pē ʻa e mole ʻamanekina ʻi he iuniti takitaha ʻoku peti.
Ko ha laine nounou mo ha ngaahi fika siʻisiʻi. ʻOku ne fakangatangata ʻa e ngaahi peti mo e taimi ke fakaʻatā; ʻoku ʻikai ke ne liliu ʻa e tuʻunga lelei ʻo e kasino.
ʻIo. Ko hoʻo ola ko e fakakātoa pē ia ʻo aʻu mai ʻi he momeniti ko ia.
Vaʻinga mo e Matematika
ʻUluaki feinga ke ke fakaleleiʻi ʻe koe. Kuo pelu ʻa e tali takitaha; fakaava ia ʻi hoʻo mateuteu.
Kamata ʻa e LabouchèrefoungaLabouchèreSisitemi tāmateʻi: tohi ha laine fika, peti ʻaki ʻa e fakakātoa ʻo e ongo ngataʻanga, tāmateʻi kinaua hili ha ikuna, tānaki ʻa e peti naʻe mole hili ha mole.Lau kotoa → angamaheni ʻaki ʻa e 1 2 3 4 5, ko ha taumuʻa ʻo e 15, pea mole ʻa e ʻuluaki peti ʻe fā. Ko e hā ʻa e laine, ko e hā hono lahi ʻoku ke mole, pea ko e hā ʻa e peti hoko?
Fakahā ʻa e tali
Tali Ko e laine ko e 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9, ʻoku ke mole ʻa e iunitipaʻangaIunitiKo e peti tefito ʻoku ngāueʻaki ʻe ha sisitemi pe ha tokotaha vaʻinga. ʻOku fakamatalaʻi ʻa e ngaahi fakalakalaka peti ʻaki ʻa e iuniti koeʻuhi ke ngāue ʻi ha tēpile pē.Lau kotoa → ʻe 30, pea ko e peti hoko ko e 10.
Ko e ngaahi peti ko e 1 + 5 = 6, pea 1 + 6 = 7, 1 + 7 = 8 mo e 1 + 8 = 9. ʻOku tohi ʻa e mole taki taha ʻi he ngataʻanga ʻo e laine. Kuo mole ki he taimi ni: 6 + 7 + 8 + 9 = 30.
Ko e fakakātoa ʻo e laine he taimi ni ko e 45: ko e taumuʻa ʻo e 15 tānaki ʻa e 30 kuo mole. Ko hono fakaʻosi ʻoku kei ikuna tofu pē ʻa e 15. ʻOku tamateʻi ʻe he ikuna taki taha ha fika ʻe ua, ko ia ʻoku fiemaʻu ha ikuna ʻe nima lahi ange ʻi he siʻi taha, ʻo kamata ʻaki ha peti iuniti ʻe 10, pea ʻoku toe fakalōloa ʻe he mole kotoa pē ʻi he hala ʻa e laine.
ʻOku kamata ʻa e “Guaranteed Roulette System” ʻa Bartschelly ʻaki ʻa e 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2, ko ha taumuʻa ʻo e 15. Hili ha mole, ʻoku ʻikai ke ne tohi ʻa e lahi naʻe mole ʻi he ngataʻanga: ʻoku ne tānaki ia ʻo iuniti ʻe taha ʻi he taimi ki he ngaahi fika fakamuimui ʻo e laine. Mole ha peti ʻe tolu. Ko e hā ʻa e laine, ko e hā hono lahi ʻoku ke mole, pea ko e hā ʻa e peti hoko?
Fakahā ʻa e tali
Tali Ko e laine ko e 1 1 1 1 1 3 4 5 5 5, ʻoku ke mole ʻa e iuniti ʻe 12, pea ko e peti hoko ko e 6, tatau tofu pē mo e Labouchère angamaheni.
ʻUluaki peti: 1 + 2 = 3. ʻOku mole, pea ʻoku tānaki ʻa e iuniti ʻe 1 ki he taki taha ʻo e fika fakamuimui ʻe tolu: 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 3 3 3.
Peti hono ua: 1 + 3 = 4. ʻOku mole: 1 1 1 1 1 2 3 4 4 4.
Peti hono tolu: 1 + 4 = 5. ʻOku mole: 1 1 1 1 1 3 4 5 5 5. Mole: 3 + 4 + 5 = 12, pea ko e fakakātoa ʻo e laine ko e 27.
Ko e Labouchère angamaheni mei he kamataʻanga tatau ʻe ʻi ai ʻa e laine 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 3 4 5, ʻoku 27 foki hono fakakātoa, mo e peti hoko tatau ʻo e 6. ʻOku nofo ʻa e laine ʻi he fika ʻe hongofulu hono lōloa, ʻa ia ʻoku hā fakafiemālie, ka ʻoku hiki hake pē ʻa e ngaahi peti ʻo tatau.
ʻOku ke vaʻinga ʻaki ʻa e Labouchère mo e laine 1 2 3 4. Kuo ke mole ʻa e peti ʻe 12 pea ʻoku teʻeki tamateʻi kotoa ʻa e laine. Ko e ikuna ʻe fiha fakakātoa ʻoku fiemaʻu? Fēfē kapau naʻa ke mole ʻa e 13?
Fakahā ʻa e tali
Tali Ikuna ʻe 8 mo e mole ʻe 12, ikuna ʻe 9 mo e mole ʻe 13. ʻI he founga fakatouʻosi ʻoku ngata ʻa e laine mo e tupu ʻo e iuniti ʻe 10, neongo naʻa ke ikuna ʻa e siʻi hifo ʻi he vaeua ʻo hoʻo ngaahi peti.
Lau ʻa e ngaahi fika ʻi he laine. ʻOku kamata ʻaki ʻa e 4. ʻOku tohi ʻe he mole taki taha ha fika ʻe taha lahi ange; ʻoku tamateʻi ʻe he ikuna taki taha ha ua, pe ko e fakamuimui kapau ʻoku toe pē ha taha. Hili ha ikuna ʻe W mo ha mole ʻe L, ʻoku toe ʻa e 4 + L − 2W, ko ia ʻoku ʻosi ʻa e laine ʻi he taimi pē ʻoku aʻu ai ʻa e 2W ki he 4 + L ʻi he siʻi taha.
Mole ʻe 12: kuo pau ke aʻu ʻa e 2W ki he 16, ko ia ko e ikuna ʻe 8, peti ʻe 20 fakakātoa. Mole ʻe 13: kuo pau ke aʻu ʻa e 2W ki he 17, ko ia ko e ikuna ʻe 9, peti ʻe 22.
ʻOku ʻikai liliu ʻe he hokohoko ʻo e ngaahi ikuna mo e mole ʻa e feituʻu ʻoku ngata ai ʻa e laine, pea ʻoku totongi maʻu pē ʻe ha laine kuo ʻosi ʻa e fakakātoa ʻo e laine ʻuluaki, heni ko e iuniti ʻe 10. Ko e ʻuhinga ia ʻoku hā ai ʻoku ngāue ʻa e sisitemi neongo ʻoku ke mole lahi ange ʻi hoʻo ikuna. Ko e meʻa ʻoku liliu ʻe he hokohoko ko e lahi ʻo e ngaahi peti ʻi he hala: ko ha hokohoko lōloa ʻo e ngaahi mole ʻe lava ke ne tekeʻi kinautolu ʻo laka atu ʻi hoʻo paʻanga vaʻingapaʻangaPaʻanga vaʻingaKo e fakakātoa ʻo e paʻanga kuo vahe ke vaʻinga ʻaki. Ko e puleʻi ʻo e paʻanga vaʻinga ko e fili pe ko e hā hono lahi ʻoku tuku ki he fakatuʻutāmaki ʻi he peti takitaha mo e taimi vaʻinga takitaha.Lau kotoa → pe ko e fakangatangata ʻo e tēpiletēpileFakangatangata ʻo e tēpileKo e peti siʻi taha mo e peti lahi taha ʻoku ngofua. Ko e peti lahi taha ʻoku ne taʻofi ʻa e ngaahi fakalakalaka peti fakaua.Lau kotoa → kimuʻa pea aʻu mai ʻa e ngaahi ikuna (Epstein, 2013).
Meʻa fakaoli
ʻOku ʻatā ʻa e laine ʻi he lahi taha ʻo e taimi. Ka ʻoku ʻikai ko e lahi taha ko e kotoa.
Ngaahi Maʻuʻanga
- RouletteDoc. Strategy description and examples.
- Roulette77. Strategy description and examples.
- Roulette77. Reverse Labouchere description.
- Ethier, S. N. The Doctrine of Chances: Probabilistic Aspects of Gambling.
- Epstein, R. A. The Theory of Gambling and Statistical Logic, 2nd ed.
- Wykes, A. The Complete Illustrated Guide to Gambling.
- Leigh, N. Thirteen Against the Bank.
- Goldman, N. Great Gambling Scams.