Ngaahi Maʻuʻanga
Ko e ngaahi tohi mo e ngaahi pepa ʻoku makatuʻunga ai ʻa e matematika mo e hisitōlia.
ʻOku muimui ʻa e ngalingalimatematikaNgalingaliKo e faingamālie ʻo ha ola, mei he 0 ki he 1 pe 0% ki he 100%. Fika ʻe taha: 1/37 = 2.70%.Lau kotoa → mo e matematika ʻo e vaʻinga paʻanga ki a Ethier mo Epstein; ʻoku muimui ʻa e sivi chi-squarelēpiSivi chi-squareKo ha sivi fakasitetisitika ʻoku ne fakahoa ʻa e lahi ʻo e hū ʻi he luo takitaha naʻe sio ki ai mo e n/37 ʻoku ʻamanekina. ʻOku ngāueʻaki ia ke fakamaauʻi pe ʻoku hehema ha veʻeteka.Lau kotoa → ki a Pearson; ʻoku muimui ʻa e hisitōlia ki he ngaahi fakamatala mei he taimi ko ia mo e ngaahi maʻuʻanga fakamatala angamaheni. Ko e ngaahi fika fekauʻaki mo e ngāue ʻa e sitiutio hangatonu ʻoku maʻu mei he ngaahi tohi kuo pulusi ʻe he kau ngāue kasino mo e kau puleʻi.
Matematika mo e sitetisitika
- Ethier, S. N. (2010). The Doctrine of Chances: Probabilistic Aspects of Gambling. Springer.
- Epstein, R. A. (2013). The Theory of Gambling and Statistical Logic, 2nd ed. Academic Press.
- Pearson, K. (1900). On the criterion that a given system of deviations from the probable… Philosophical Magazine 50(302).
- Thorp, E. O. (1969). Optimal gambling systems for favorable games. Review of the International Statistical Institute 37(3).
- Bollman, M. (2021). Mathematics of the Big Four Casino Table Games: Blackjack, Baccarat, Craps, & Roulette. CRC Press.
Fisiki mo e vaʻinga kumi tuʻunga lelei
- Bass, T. A. (1985). The Eudaemonic Pie. Houghton Mifflin.
- Small, M. & Tse, C. K. (2012). Predicting the outcome of roulette. Chaos 22(3).
Hisitōlia
- Lablée, J. (1801). La Roulette, ou le Jour.
- Barnhart, R. T. (1992). Beating the Wheel. Lyle Stuart.
- Wykes, A. (1964). The Complete Illustrated Guide to Gambling. Doubleday.
Ngāue ʻa e lulēti hangatonu
Ngaahi tuʻunga fakatekinikale kuo pulusi ʻe he UK Gambling Commission mo e Malta Gaming Authority fekauʻaki mo e ngaahi vaʻinga mo ha tīla hangatonu mo e ngaohi ʻo e ngaahi fika taʻefakataumuʻa; mo e ngaahi fakaikiiki ʻa e kau ngaohi ki he ngaahi veʻeteka fakapalofesinale.